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The Liturgy of Saint James or Jacobite Liturgy is the oldest complete form of the Eastern varieties of the Divine Liturgy still in use among certain Christian Churches. It is based on the traditions of the ancient rite of the Early Christian Church of Jerusalem, as the ''Mystagogic Catecheses'' of St Cyril of Jerusalem imply. Forming the historical basis of the Liturgy of Antioch, it is still the principal liturgy of the British Orthodox Church, Syriac Orthodox Church, Malankara Marthoma Syrian Church,St. Thomas Evangelical Church of India, Syrian Catholic Church, Syro-Malankara Catholic Church, Maronite Church, and Malankara Orthodox Church. It is also occasionally used in the Eastern Orthodox Church and Melkite Catholic Church. The ''Liturgy'' is associated with the name of James the Just, the "brother" of Jesus and patriarch among the Jewish Christians at Jerusalem. Saint James was martyred at the hands of a mob incensed at his preaching about Jesus and his "transgression of the Law" - an accusation made by the Jewish High Priest of the time, Hanan ben Hanan. The historic Christian liturgies are divided between Eastern and Western usages. Among the Eastern liturgies, the ''Liturgy of Saint James'' is one of the Antiochene group of liturgies, those ascribed to Saint James, to Saint Basil, and to Saint John Chrysostom. Other Eastern liturgies include the Assyrian or Chaldean rites, as well as the Armenian and Maronite rites. The Byzantine liturgies attributed to Saint John Chrysostom and Saint Basil are the ones most widely used today by all Eastern Orthodox Christians and by the Eastern Catholic Churches in communion with Rome. The ''Liturgy of Saint James'' as it presently exists has been brought into conformity with developed Trinitarian Christianity and Eastern Orthodoxy. ==Manuscript tradition== The ''Liturgy of Saint James'' is considered to be the oldest surviving liturgy developed for general use in the Church. Its date of composition is still disputed, but most authorities propose a fourth-century date for the known form, because the anaphora seems to have been developed from an ancient Egyptian form of the Basilean anaphoric family united with the anaphora described in ''The Catechisms'' of St. Cyril of Jerusalem.〔John Witvliet ''The Anaphora of St. James'' in ed. F. Bradshaw ''Essays on Early Eastern Eucharistic Prayers,'' 1997〕 The earliest manuscript is the ninth-century codex, Vaticanus graecus 2282, which had been in liturgical use at Damascus, in the diocese of Antioch. The only critical edition is the one published by Dom B.-Charles Mercier in the ''Patrologia Orientalis'', vol. 26 (1950). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Liturgy of St James」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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